Te mōhiohia he mea iti nā te kupu 'flange' (papanga), engari kāore i te nui tōna mahi. He whakaaetanga ngā papanga hei whakawhiti i ngā wae, ngā pūtēki me ērā whenua ka hīkina kia hangaia he rangahau wae. Nā te mea ko te whiriwhiringa i te momo papanga e pā ana ki tō taumata whakamahi he mea nui ki te whakarite i tētahi raraunga e pai ana. Ko tēnei tuhinga tohutohu ka taka mai i ngā momo papanga e tūhono ana, i ō rātou whai take hou me ngā wāhi i whakamahi ai rātou e pā ana ki ngā hiahia o te whenua.
He wāhi tūpato āwhina nui ngā whakapuaki, e heke ana i te maha o ngā momo, ā, ina ia whakamahi hei whakatutuki i tētahi tikanga. He mea nui kē ki te whiriwhiria i te momo whakapuaki, ko te pūngao me te werawera o te rōpū hei whakamahi. Ko tēnei ka whai ake i te pū whenua o te whakapuaki, e āheinga ana i te rawa kōkiri me te rawa takoto ki te rawa mānuka hoki, ki te rawa korehua. Ko te momo pīpu me te rahi o te pīpu e honokia ana ki te whakapuaki he atu mea hei whakaarohia, nā tēnei ka whakaaturia koe i te wheako pai ki runga i tō pūnaha pīpu.

Nā, e ai ki ngā whakapuaki, e rahi ana ngā momo ki ngā pīpu katoa, pērā i ngā whakapuaki tuara ki te hopu me ngā roa kia hopu. Nā, i tēnei tuhinga, tae noa mai nei tātou ki ētahi iti o enei:
Whakapuaki Tuara: Ki te kī i te ingoa, ko te whakapuaki tuara he roa kōkiri e whakatakoto ana i raro i te pito o te pīpu. E āhei ana rātou ki te maranga roa, ka whai ake i te tautoko nui ki te pīpu, ka whai ake hoki i te whakangungu rānei i te wehewehe. Me mōhio koe, kāore i konei ngā whakapuaki tuara e taea ana ki te whakatakoto i runga i ngā mahi whakapuaki kairite.
Ngā Pūtanga Whakauru: Inahea te mōhio ki tēnei i ngā mahi whakauru iti, ā, e tika ana hei whakamahinga mo ngā tono iti; mea kāore i te hiranga. Ki runga i tērā ka ea ki te whakamahi, kāore ēnei e tino tiaki nei i a rātou whakahaere i te hononga ki ngā pūtake hono, nā te mea e noho rawa ana ki te whakarerekē i tana whakahaere i te wa e whakapakari ana i te pūnaha.
Pūtanga Māui - Ka whakamahi te pūtanga māui hei whakatau i ngā tīmatanga o ngā waka, ngā puaki tūrua me ngā wāhi whakawehenga pūnaho pausia. Kāore rātou i te mahi ki te hono i ngā waka rauemi rānei.
Ngā Pūtanga Honohono Putiputi: E whakamahi ana i te mutunga iti o ngā waka me ngā tono paihere matua, ā, ko te hono putiputi i kitea he mea matua i roto i te wāhi waka, me ōna nui hoki i ngā hua. Pērā i ngā pūtanga hono take, me ngā kaiwhakatōpū hono pai ki te mahi i te mahi hono paihere tino pai.

Kei te nui ake te hērautanga o ngā pūtanga i te hono i ngā waka ki ngā whakatatangi, ā, ka whakaae anō hoki te pūtanga ki te whakatikatika i ngā mahi tirotiro anō rānei me ngā whakautu, nā te mea ka ea ki te whakakore i waenganui. I tēnei tūmomo, ko ētahi nui atu hoki ngā hua o te whakamahi i ngā pūtanga i roto i tōu pūnaha waka.
Te whakauru here: Nā te mea ka ea ake te kaiwhakauru i ngā flange, ka taea te whakauru ki waho me te iti noa iho i ngā mahi tāmata e hiahiatia ana.
Te whanake: E rahi ana ngā flange i te pūmau o ngā rerekētanga e kore e tae kī te kōkiri, ā, ka taea e rātau te whitiwhiti i ngā rārangi nui o te paoroa & wera.
Te mohio ki te whakamahere: E rahi ana ngā flange i ngā āhua me ngā rahi katoa, e hiahiatia nei ko te mea ka taea e rātau te whakarite i ngā whakahaere iwi pipe, ngā whakahaere kōkuaroa, ā, me ērā atu.
Waihanga noa iho mo te tirotiro: Ka ea ake ngā flange i te ara ki ngā mahi pipeworks, ā, ka whakaae i ngā mahi tirotiro rahi me ngā mahi whakaora.

I tēnei waehanga ka tirohia ngā pai me ngā he o ētahi atu momo flange, haere tonu mai ki te āheinga o ēnei raupapa ki roto i ngā horopaki pūnaha;
Ngā Flange Kauwhata: Ka whakamahi i aua i ngā rārangi nui o te kōkiri me ngā rārangi kōkiri hoki, nā reira ka whai hua hei whakamahi mo ngā whenua rāpūtahi.
Ngā Pūtanga Whakauru: Kua whai mōhio ngātahi i ngā whenua pērā i te tāwari wai, te hokihoki kai, me ngā rongoā whakamārama, kei reira te nuinga o te whakapāhei i ngā paoro iti (nō reira he utu iti).
Ngā Pūtanga Mauhere - e hirawera ana mō te whakamutu i ngā waehae o te pīpa ki te hiahia ki te whakamātau i te āhuatanga o te wai, te whakapai nitrogen rānei ko te whakamātau moeke.
Ngā Pūtanga Whakauru Pīpa: He nui ake i ngā rāngai pērā i ngā pīpanga waiware, ngā whakahaere hidraulika, me ngā āhuatanga hāpai hāunga, engari kaore i runga anake i ngā tinana iti o ngā pīpa.
Nā tēnei, kāore koe e āhei ana kia whakamahana i te "mahinga paki" nō reira ki tōnui me ngā mahi awhina hei whakatau i ngā paki kua whai hua nui ai ki tō ringa pipi. Ki te whakatauhia ngā paihono o te rāngai, te uruuma hoki ko ngā taunga o te pipe me te whakaaetanga o ngā rauropi, ka taea e koe te whakatau he aha te pai rawa mō te oranga tonu o tō take wai whakarite. Hoki atu, ka whai ngā paki i ētahi pai rawa pērā i te wā mahi waeawe, ka noho kotahi iho i te hono, ka whai wā i te roa, me te tirotiro hoki i te wā. Ko te mōhio ki runga i ngā momo paki me ngā whakamahi, ka taea e koe te hiki i ngā whakamahi pai, ka whakatūhia i tō hiahia moni.
Ko Pingcheng ināianei he pātaka āhua me ngā kaimahi tāpoi hāngai e 50. Kātahi ka whai kia whakamātauria ngā hua kia pai ake. Ka whakamātauria ngā hua e ngā rākau whakamātau o Mitsutoyo me te CMM, ā, kia whakamātauria anō i ngā wā e whakamārama ana. Ko tēnei whakamātautau ā-pīroiroi hei whakamātautau i te pai o ngā hua me tēnei whakamātautau ā-pīroiroi. Ko ngā mahi whakamātautau me ngā mahi whakamātautau o ngā wāhanga matua kia whakamātauria me ngā whakamātautau.
Ko te rārangi hāpai me ngā ratonga o Pingcheng i whakamāhunga kia āwhina i ngā kiritaki kia eke ki ō rātou whāinga pakihi. Mātou te whakamārama i te whakarahi i ngā pātaka āhua. Ko PingCheng te kaiwhakamāhi tino whakamārama. Mātou te hoa mahi e whakapānui ana i ngā whakamātautau.
I runga i ngā tau rua tekau o te whakamātautau me ngā āhua o ngā papa tāwhai, ko Pingcheng e whai ana i te whakamātautau kia whai hua ai ngā kiritaki i tēnei utu tōtika. Ka tātari mātou i te whakaahua, ka whakamātau i te tauira ki ngā pūrongo pāngarau ā-hapori, ā, ka tuku atu ki a koe te utu iti rawa.
Pingcheng he kei roto i ngā mahi whaihua katoa me te tūranga flange. Te tahua o ā mātou mahi ki runga i ngā wakaūka he tīmata noa iho i te hononga whakatipu. Ko te tari takohanga a mātau e hiahia ana ki te tirotiro i ōu tono mōhiohio. I te nui mai i 20 tau, kua whakahaere mātau i ngā ratonga hanga me te hanga i tētahi hononga paku nui ki ngā kāwanatanga matua o Hapani. Ko te whakarite a Pingcheng i ngā utu tohu hei whakaaro i ngā taupae o te rorohiko nei, me te mōhiotanga i tēnei rāngai. Ka whakauru mātau i ngā whakaahua ki roto i tētahi rorohiko āhuarangi, ka whakamahia te whakaaetanga pai rawa mo te utu iti i runga i te tono whakahoa.